Not Monsters. Not Madmen. Just Men.

What kind of person helps build a regime like the Third Reich? A monster? A madman? Or something far more unsettling? Michael Shermer sits down with author Jack El-Hai to talk about the true story behind Nuremberg. At the center is Dr. Douglas Kelley, the American psychiatrist assigned to evaluate the top Nazi defendants after World War II, including Hermann Göring. What he found was not comforting: many of these men were intelligent, ambitious, psychologically functional, and disturbingly normal. This conversation gets into the strange duel between Kelley and Göring, the psychological testing at Nuremberg, the limits of psychiatry, the difference between leaders and followers, and the question that still won't go away: how do power-hungry people rise and do evil, and why do so many others go along with them? Jack El-Hai is an author and journalist whose work has appeared in The Atlantic , Smithsonian , GQ , Wired , Scientific American , and Discover . His books, including The Lobotomist , The Lost Brothers , and Face in the Mirror , have been translated into twenty languages. He lectures widely on writing and medical history. His book The Nazi and the Psychiatrist was recently adapted into the feature film Nuremberg , starring Russell Crowe and Rami Malek.

You can listen to Not Monsters. Not Madmen. Just Men. online on Radio and Podcast. Open the player on this page to stream the available audio.

Not Monsters. Not Madmen. Just Men. is an episode from The Michael Shermer Show by Michael Shermer.

This episode is 01:25:13 long.

This episode was published on Apr 21, 2026.

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